I'll divide them into category:

For System Programming: C,C++,C#,Java, Python.
For Application Programming(Software Dev.): C++,Java,C#,Swift,javascript
For Mobile Apps Programming: C#(WP),Java(android),Swift(Apple),Obj-C(Apple), HTML5
For Web Programming: PHP, Python(Django), Ruby(RoR), ASP.Net(C#), Javascript.
For Microcontroller Programming: Assembly,C,C++,VB,C#
For Data Processing: F#,R,Python,Mathematica(Wolfram),Matlab
For Image Processing/Computer Vision: Matlab,Python,C++,C#,Mathematica(Wolfram)
For Hardware/Machine Programming: Assembly,Fortran, C,C++,VB
For Network Programming: C,C++,Python,Perl,Linux shell.
For Web CMS : Wordpress,Joomla,Drupal,Expression Engine, Radiant CMS
For Game Programming: C++,Java,C#,Flash,Python
For Beginner : Pascal, Python, Javascript,Java,C#
For EVERYTHING: C or C++ (Technically if you fully and completely understand how to use C/C++, it'll be easy for you to understand other terms of programming

Well, actually there are many other languages in each term, you should try them in order to find which one might suit you.