CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Conditional sentences are used to express a hypothetical or uncertain situation, and the result that would follow if the condition were met. There are three types of conditional sentences: first, second, and third conditional.

FIRST CONDITIONAL
The first conditional is used to talk about a future event or situation that is likely to happen, and the result that would follow if a certain condition is met. The structure of the first conditional is:
If + present simple, will + base verb
Example: If it rains, I will stay home.
Which sentence is an example of the first conditional?
A) If I had more time, I would go to the gym.
B) If I go to the gym, I will be tired.
C) If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.
D) If it snowed, I would go skiing.

SECOND CONDITIONAL
The second conditional is used to talk about an unlikely or hypothetical situation in the present or future, and the result that would follow if a certain condition were met. The structure of the second conditional is:
If + past simple, would + base verb
Example: If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.
Which sentence is an example of the second conditional?
A) If I have time, I will go to the gym.
B) If it rains, I will bring an umbrella.
C) If I won the lottery, I would quit my job.
D) If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.

THIRD CONDITIONAL
The third conditional is used to talk about a hypothetical situation in the past, and the result that would have followed if a certain condition had been met. The structure of the third conditional is:
If + past perfect, would have + past participle
Example: If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.
Which sentence is an example of the third conditional?
A) If I have time, I will go to the gym.
B) If it rains, I will bring an umbrella.
C) If I had known, I would have helped you.
D) If I win the lottery, I will buy a car.

MIXED CONDITIONAL
Mixed conditionals are a combination of the second and third conditional, and are used to talk about hypothetical situations in the past or present, and the result that would have followed if a certain condition had been met. The structure of mixed conditionals is:
If + past perfect, would + base verb
Example: If I had studied harder, I would be a doctor now.
Which sentence is an example of a mixed conditional?
A) If it rains, I will bring an umbrella.
B) If I win the lottery, I would travel the world.
C) If I had known, I would be happy now.
D) If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.