HAVE YOU IMMAGINED WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU LOAD A WEB ADDRESS IN YOUR BROWSER

Let’s Dive right into it!

When we surf the web, the first thing we do is typing “google.com” for example, in the browser and we hit enter, then we start searching for whatever we want on google. But do you know what happens behind the user interface? the technologies that provide all these functionalities?
Behind the user interface and after the user types google.com and hits “Enter”, that activates the first technology which is the “DNS”.

1. DNS - This stands for “domain name service”, it’s a service that translate the name of the website to its IP address, since humans aren’t capable to memorize the IP addresses, DNS was necessary to transform those number to a name that humans can remember and use.
After the DNS finds the IP address of the website (google.com), we move to the second step “TCP/IP”.

2. TCP/IP - This is known as Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol and is a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the internet. TCP/IP is also used as a communications protocol in a private computer network.
The two main protocols in the IP suite serves specific functions. TCP defines how applications can create channels of communication across a network. It also manages how a message is assembled into smaller packets before they are then transmitted over the internet and reassembled in the right order at the destination address.

3. IP - This defines how to address and route each packet to make sure it reaches the right destination. Each gateway computer on the network checks this IP address to determine where to forward the message.
When the user hit enters the HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) sends request to the server where the webpage source files are stored, so TCP/IP is like a transport that send and deliver between the client and the server.
But before leaving the road between the client and the server open is risky and dangerous, because the servers might be attacked, that’s why we use “Firewalls” and “HTTPS/SSL”.

4. Firewall - This is simply known as network security device that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic based on an organization's previously established security policies.

5. SSL - This is standard technology for securing an internet connection by encrypting data sent between a website and a browser (or between two servers). It prevents hackers from seeing or stealing any information transferred, including personal or financial data.

6. HTTPS - (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) appears in the URL when a website is secured by an SSL/TLS certificate. Users can view the details of the certificate, including the issuing authority and the corporate name of the website owner, by clicking the lock symbol on the browser bar.
Now that our network and server are safe, do you think that is enough? NO.
Nowadays billions of people use google for various things and that number of users can cause a problem to the server, the server might overload. That’s why “Load Balancer” came to rescue.

7. Load Balancer - This is known as a device that sits between the client and the server and its job to ensure that all servers are used equally.
We used the word servers a lot but what is it? And what it’s use?
Web server is software and hardware that uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and other protocols to respond to client requests made over the World Wide Web. The main job of a web server is to display website content through storing, processing and delivering webpages to users.

8. Application server - This is known as a server that hosts applications or software that delivers a business application through a communication protocol.
Now we understand how the servers work, but where the servers store information and data?

9. Databases - This is known as an organized collection of structured information, or data, typically stored electronically in a computer system. A database is usually controlled by a database management system (DBMS) like SQL.

Finally:
In other to get the webpage of google.com, it must pass from multiple steps and technologies DNS, TCP/IP, Firewall, and Https/SSL.

Thanks

Thanks.
FP worthy.