Nigerian (igbo) & African American - Culture (9)

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Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by kwametut: 10:52am On Sep 07, 2013

@Crayola1

Thursday, May 3, 2012
Finding Your Roots: Samuel L. Jackson, Condoleezza Rice, and Ruth Simmons
This was probably one of my favorite episodes from the Finding Your Roots series so far! Mostly because it helped three African Americans find some roots in certain Africa tribes. Granted, some could have other mixtures from other African slaves brought to the US which married into the family through other lines, seeing as how this only tested the mtDNA which is present in both males and females having been passed down from their mother's mother's mother's line.

With the 23andme testings I have done I have gotten some interesting results for my mtDNA Haplogroups in my family. A study was conducted in Puerto Rico which states that many Puerto Ricans carry Taino Haplogroups, Taino being the originally people to the island before Columbus got there later in 1493. Not everyone carries a maternal native group as you'll see in some of my examples. Provided below are the various maternal Haplogroups from my family. These include: two Indigenous Haplogroups (A2, C1b4)- most likely from Taino/Arawak ancestors, one European (U5b1b1b)- from the Basque area in Spain or the Saami in Northern Scandinavia and then finally one an African Haplogroup (L2a1)- commonly found in Bantu speakers. Here are the Haplogroup maps provided below:

With Samuel L. Jackson, Condoleezza Rice and Ruth Simmons they were able to trace back to a tribe in Africa. Ruth Simmons was an interesting case, her maternal Haplogroup was ACTUALLY an indigenous haplogroup which Henry Louis Gates Jr. mentions isn't too common among African Americans. Yet they tested Ruth's Y-DNA through her brother (Y-DNA is only passed down through the males in the family) and found her connection to Africa through her paternal line.

http://boricuagenes..com/2012/05/finding-your-roots-samuel-l-jackson.html

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Adamskuty(m): 10:56am On Sep 07, 2013

The ogre is definatly high on weeds grin

adams is no igbo man,u retarted bantu pig for ur info. Abuja belongs to the north,same with kano,the second largest city in nigeria (population),ibadan,the largest city in westafrica by landmass (oyo state),lagos ,osun (dangote,africa's richest man is currently building the largest ever refinary in africa there).
U think nigeria is all about lagos and abuja,u are definatly on drugs, hahahahhaahha grin

i even forgot to mention port-hacourt (the oil city).... South..south...nigeria!

And pls maggot i ain't igbo,and thank God i ain't grin

now u filthy woosted stocking swine get out of ur mister's present at once,u are dismiss! Shuuu!

And don't forget to shave the over-grown hairs under ur armpit!

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by kwametut: 10:56am On Sep 07, 2013

@Crayola1

As for those whose ethnic ancestry were able to be traced back to Africa, the test, which is still in its early years and may continue to be improved, showed that Oprah Winfrey’s DNA links her or she is descended from the Kpelle ethnic group or ‘tribe’ from Liberia and Bantu tribe Nkoya of Zambia; Bishop T.D. Jakes is traced to the Igbo ethnic group in Nigeria; Whoopi Goldberg’s DNA is traced to the Papel and Bayote ‘tribes’ currently in Guinea-Bissau; Dr. Sara Lawrence Lightfoot’s DNA is traced to the Mandingo ethnic group of Guinea Bissau; Chris Tucker’s DNA is traced to the Mbundu ‘tribe’ of modern-day central Angola, and he and Dr. Gates traveled there to meet that particular ethnic group; Quincy Jones’ DNA is not only traced to the Tikar ‘tribe’ of Cameroon, but Dr. Gates pointed to Mr. Jones that the people of that particular region are widely known for their music talent; Dr. Ben Carson’s DNA is traced to the Lunda people of Congo/Angola; and Dr. Gates’ DNA is traced both to Northwest Europe and Africa. Dr. Gates’ African root is traced to the Mende ethnic group of Sierra Leone. Let us now examine how both the Sub-Saharan African and European populations of the U.S. are similar and parallel in some instances.

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Jayvarley(m): 10:58am On Sep 07, 2013

bigfrancis21:

Thanks pal. Wasn't expecting that from you given what happened two days ago.

As for the Obeah part, I didn't make that up. I was only going by research sources, as you can see below:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obeah

Yes I know that you did not make it up.

Coming from Jamaican and Barbadian Parentage, I can see a VERY STRONG IGBO influence on those ISLANDS especially JAMAICA
because of it's large size there were pockets of slaves who were less regulated by the slave masters and this allowed them to keep some their culture intact.

I believe I should have a reasonably high percentage of IGBO ANCESTRY though being realistic there will likely be ancestry from other places such as the Gold coast.

I have been asked a few time by people if I am Nigerian/IGBO, but I never been mistaken for Yoruba and very seldom has anyone mistaken me for a Ghanaian.

1 Like

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by kwametut: 10:58am On Sep 07, 2013

@BigFrances
FAMOUS AA SERGEON DR BEN CARSON IS OF ANGOLA-CONGO ROOTS LIKE CHRIS TUCKER HIS HIS LINKS ALL HAD BANTU ROOTS.

AFRO AMERICANS SHOWING THEIR PROUD BANTU ROOTS. cheesy

http://pinterest.com/asmcfadden/people-of-angolan-congolese-descent/

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by kwametut: 11:04am On Sep 07, 2013

Linda Johnson Rice shares maternal genetic ancestry with the people of the Lunda ethnic group of the Angola/Congo region.

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by kwametut: 11:09am On Sep 07, 2013

@Jarvely
JAMAICA is STRONGLY AKAN, yes there were Igbos but were WIPED OUT. I showed a link showing Biafran DNA in Jamaica DECLINED to 16%. grin

tHERE ARE EVEN THREADS ABOUT THAT. Pity ya'll blogg using CHEAP PHONES. grin

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by kwametut: 11:13am On Sep 07, 2013

@BigFrances1
OBAMA (From his mother's side, she descends from 1st slaves in VA, fact they were angolans) AND FORMER US PRESIDENT ABRAHAM LINCOLN(1st black president of US) have ANGOLAN BLOOD RUNNING IN them. grin

President Abraham Lincoln was the first African American president of the United States.
Abraham Lincoln was part Angolan.

Many Angolans were brought as indentured servants and slaves to Virginia and Maryland during the 17th and 18th centuries. These Angolans often earned their freedom and married whites. The Angolans often were Christians and had Portugese names because Portugal was in control of Angola. Over time, many Angolan descendants moved out of Virignia and Maryland into other areas of the South and Midwest. This is how Abe Lincoln's family ended up in Kentucky.

Other descendants of Angolans include Steve Martin and Tom Hanks. When people in the South and Midwest talk about having "Portugee" in their blood, really they have Angolan in their blood.

So Abe Lincoln was our first African American (Angolan) president.

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by kwametut: 11:20am On Sep 07, 2013

@BigFrances
ILL INFORMED "MR IBU". CARTOON CHARACTER WHO HAS FAILED FOR DAYS TO BRING FOWARD SOURCES.

OBAMA A BANTU ON ALL SIDES BOTH HIS FATHERS AND MOTHERS SIDE. grin

[b]As stated in the Times piece, genealogists from Ancestry.com said they have evidence that "strongly suggests" that through his white mother, Stanley Ann Dunham, President Obama had an enslaved ancestor in the 17th century named John Punch: "In 1640, Mr. Punch, then an indentured servant, escaped from Virginia and went to Maryland. He was captured there and, along with two white servants who had also escaped, was put on trial. His punishment -- servitude for life -- was harsher than what the white servants received, and it has led some historians to regard him as the first African to be legally sanctioned as a slave, years before Virginia adopted laws allowing slavery."

We should immediately note, though, that the word "slave" was rarely used in documents generated in Virginia in 1640 -- at least, not in the legal sense of a condition of constant and inheritable servitude. Africans were, however, usually identified in documents as "negroes." In fact, this was by far the most common term for people of African descent in Virginia records.

"Negro" was not, of course, an English word but, rather, a Portuguese one. It entered English in the late 16th century and with specific reference to Africans because Portugal was the only European nation engaged in the slave trade, and the Portuguese used this word specifically to designate slaves.

The word was not confined to slaves from Africa. Brazilian records routinely use the term negros da terra (Negroes of the country) to describe Native Americans held as slaves in sugar plantations during the same period.

When the word appeared in Virginia in 1619, it referred to Africans taken from Portuguese ships -- as were all slaves brought to English and Dutch colonies in North America -- and took on the Portuguese meaning of slavery. For the Portuguese, there was no confusion about what slavery was: a permanent, lifelong and inheritable condition of servitude that could be relieved only by manumission from the master.

The question then, is, would Africans arriving in Virginia under these circumstances be given contracts of indenture for a specified term of service, as Englishmen and other Europeans were? There are few records of indentures for anyone in early Virginia, since many contracts were only verbal, but we think it most unlikely that they would have been.[/b]

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by bigfrancis21: 11:24am On Sep 07, 2013

Jayvarley:

Yes I know that you did not make it up.

Coming from Jamaican and Barbadian Parentage, I can see a VERY STRONG IGBO influence on those ISLANDS especially JAMAICA
because of it's large size there were pockets of slaves who were less regulated by the slave masters and this allowed them to keep some their culture intact.

I believe I should have a reasonably high percentage of IGBO ANCESTRY though being realistic there will likely be ancestry from other places such as the Gold coast.

I have been asked a few time by people if I am Nigerian/IGBO, but I never been mistaken for Yoruba and very seldom has anyone mistaken me for a Ghanaian.

The same phenomenon has also been observed by other african americans alike who also say that Igbo people look more like African Americans more than any other West African tribe. I did not say here that AAs are mostly Igbo. But going by what Dr. Douglas Chambers concluded in his work that 'At least 60% of African Americans are likely to have at least 1 Igbo ancestor in their history', his conclusion may not be far from the truth.

Below are pictures of 2 Igbo guys who could easily pass off as African Americans. The African Americans observed very well.

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by kwametut: 11:26am On Sep 07, 2013

@BigFrances21
THROW AWAY YOUR CHEAP CHINESE PHONE AND LOG INTO A COMPUTER AND "READ" THIS BOOK WRITEN BY AN AFRO AMERICAN "ACADEMIC". Am glad you know that BIGHT OF BIAFRA SUPPLIED 16% TO THE UNITED STATES AS A WHOLE. grin

ONE OF YOUR LINKS LED TO THIS FACT. Am sure u did this by MISTAKE

AFRICANISMS IN AFRICAN AMERICAN CULTURE
http://faculty.risd.edu/bcampbel/Templates/Templates/holloway.pdf

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Adamskuty(m): 11:28am On Sep 07, 2013

kwame tut: @Jarvely
JAMAICA is STRONGLY AKAN, yes there were Igbos but were WIPED OUT. I showed a link showing Biafran DNA in Jamaica DECLINED to 16%.

tHERE ARE EVEN THREADS ABOUT THAT. Pity ya'll blogg using CHEAP PHONES.

what's AKAN,my zulu slave?

Dont forget our meeting by 2pm (nigerian time)

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Nobody: 11:30am On Sep 07, 2013

the fact that my history to this fo0l bigfrancis is nothing more than a mere competition
just puts a very bad taste in my mouth.

@bf i will dissect that weak response of yours point by point.

brb

1 Like

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by kwametut: 11:33am On Sep 07, 2013

@BigFrances21
CHRIS TUCKER STRONG BANTU ROOTS. cheesy

Seen here is Chris Tucker and Dr Gates who took him to ANGOLA. To visit his ancestors.

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by bigfrancis21: 11:33am On Sep 07, 2013

@Jayvarley

Here's the excerpt of the interview made by Blair Underwood himself concerning his Igbo ancestry.

Blair Underwood
Actor

AA: How has the knowledge of your African
ancestry (that we provided) has impacted
you?
Mr. Underwood: It given me a sense of community
and satisfied a lifelong curiosity. A welcome
surprise that my people are from Nigeria & Igbo
people.
AA: Why do you believe this knowledge of
ancestry is important?
Mr. Underwood: The knowledge has given me a
better understanding of the person I've become. I
believe our DNA plays a large part. It explains
certain characteristics, traits, be it personal,
medical or culturally.
AA: What have you done with your African
Ancestry results?
Mr: Underwood: Distributed among every
Underwood I know and family members at a recent
Family Reunion.

http://www.africanancestry.com/testimonials/

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Adamskuty(m): 11:34am On Sep 07, 2013

kwame tut: @Crayola1

As for those whose ethnic ancestry were able to be traced back to Africa, the test, which is still in its early years and may continue to be improved, showed that Oprah Winfrey’s DNA links her or she is descended from the Kpelle ethnic group or ‘tribe’ from Liberia and Bantu tribe Nkoya of Zambia; Bishop T.D. Jakes is traced to the Igbo ethnic group in Nigeria; Whoopi Goldberg’s DNA is traced to the Papel and Bayote ‘tribes’ currently in Guinea-Bissau; Dr. Sara Lawrence Lightfoot’s DNA is traced to the Mandingo ethnic group of Guinea Bissau; Chris Tucker’s DNA is traced to the Mbundu ‘tribe’ of modern-day central Angola, and he and Dr. Gates traveled there to meet that particular ethnic group; Quincy Jones’ DNA is not only traced to the Tikar ‘tribe’ of Cameroon, but Dr. Gates pointed to Mr. Jones that the people of that particular region are widely known for their music talent; Dr. Ben Carson’s DNA is traced to the Lunda people of Congo/Angola; and Dr. Gates’ DNA is traced both to Northwest Europe and Africa. Dr. Gates’ African root is traced to the Mende ethnic group of Sierra Leone. Let us now examine how both the Sub-Saharan African and European populations of the U.S. are similar and parallel in some instances.

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by kwametut: 11:35am On Sep 07, 2013

BigFrances21
YES HE IS WEARING HIS CAMEROONIAN TRADITIONAL WEAR. "Mr Ibu". grin

1 Like

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Adamskuty(m): 11:36am On Sep 07, 2013

*Kails*:
the fact that my history to this fo0l bigfrancis is nothing more than a mere competition
just puts a very bad taste in my mouth.

@bf i will dissect that weak response of yours point by point.

brb

oooh! Kails daaaarling,come give me a kiss swrrry :* seeing u alone bring smie to mah face grin

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Adamskuty(m): 11:38am On Sep 07, 2013

Time to spam! Enough of this arguements undecided

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by kwametut: 11:39am On Sep 07, 2013

@Kails
Am sure BLAIR UNDERWOOD made the same MISTAKE OPRAH WINFREY did when she claimed her DNA showed shes Zulu. Luckily Zulus rejected her claim and told her the TRUETH.

FACT BLAIR UNDERWOODS DNA TRACED HIM TO CAMEROON HENCE U SEE HIM IN THIS PIC.

LASTLY IGBOS HAVE IN THE PAST CLAIMED "SAMUEL ETO, OBAMA,OPRAH WERE IGBOS".

LATELT THEYR CLAIMING THAT IBOS WERE NUMEROUS IN BRAZIL

Because of 2014 WORLD CUP. grin

YORUBAS CAN MAKE CLAIMS NOT THE "USELESS NATION HATED IN THEIR OWN COUNTRYA AND THE WORLD". grin

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Adamskuty(m): 11:43am On Sep 07, 2013

enough of this useless arguements, kweme my zulu slave,oya go back to ur farm

shocked

SORRY

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Adamskuty(m): 11:44am On Sep 07, 2013

enough of this useless arguements, kweme my zulu slave,oya go back to ur farm

shocked

SORRY

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by bigfrancis21: 11:49am On Sep 07, 2013

@Jayvarley

Below are the table data statistics for Igbo people and their major areas of shipment.

The PDF material can be downloaded here:
http://equianosworld.tubmaninstitute.ca/sites/equianosworld.tubmaninstitute.ca/files/Chambers%20Northrup%20rejoinder.pdf

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by bigfrancis21: 11:55am On Sep 07, 2013

@Jayvarley

The figures above show that more than 1.2 million Igbo people were shipped to the Americas and Caribbean. That shows a pretty high number.

Consider a time frame for procreation between 1600 to 2013, one can conclude that the descendants of the 1.2 million Igbo ancestors must have quadrupled in original number.

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by bigfrancis21: 12:06pm On Sep 07, 2013

Blair Underwood's paternal(Y Chromosome) ancestry has been traced to Igbo and maternal side to Bamoun in Cameroon.

Anyone else see "Who Do You Think You Are?" last night? They traced Blair Underwood's ancestry back to Virginia. One line on his mother's side were presumably enslaved, as they could only trace back to the Civil War. However, another line on his mother's side had been free Negroes for decades before the Civil War. Underwood's DNA test showed him to be 76% African and 24% European in ancestry. His African ancestry was shown to be Igbo, Bamoun, and Yoruba (and one other tribe, whose name I forget) in origin.

They also linked Blair with a 10th cousin, some young man in Cameroon who had taken a DNA test in his country for a database to help African-Americans trace their roots. This link comes from Blair's father's side. Blair and his dad went to rural Cameroon to meet up with the distant cousin and meet his family:

You can see the episode here: Hulu - Who Do You Think You Are?: Blair Underwood - Watch the full episode now.

http://www.lipstickalley.com/f15/blair-underwood-traces-his-ancestry-free-blacks-1700s-living-cousins-cameroon-373690/index2.html

Blair Underwood's maternal ancestry was linked to the Bamoun of Cameroon. He was further linked to a 10th cousin of his in Bamoun who he took a visit to Cameroon to see.

Blair Underwood's paternal ancestry says Igbo and maternal ancestry says Bamoun, at the end of the day which ancestry is more significant? Paternal or maternal? Which side of one's family does one affiliate with? Paternal side or maternal side? undecided

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by bigfrancis21: 12:17pm On Sep 07, 2013

The Igbo Republic of Palmeres.

http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/22954470/1768011912/name/THE.rtf

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Nobody: 12:29pm On Sep 07, 2013

^^^^Why do you Igbo's have to steal everything Yoruba and turn it to Igbo?

1). Egba's aren't Igbo's and they have nothing in common with Igbo's. I dare say they're more Yoruba than a lot of Yoruba subgroups.

2). Prof. Wole Soyinka is not Egba and he has never claimed Egba. Yes, he was born in Abeokuta and he's Fela Kuti's cousin. However, he's an Ijebu man from Ishara Remo.

3). Lukumi/Olukunmi has absolutely nothing whatsoever to do with Igbo's. Lukumi/Olukunmi just like Anago used to be the general name for Yoruba's. And the Olukunmi people in Delta state migrated there during the Kiriji wars, hence why they still maintain the Olukunmi name.

4). All those Brazil claims are just laughable. The revolt in Brazil was done by the Yoruba muslims called Imale. I still don't know how Igbo got into the mix. Yes, most of them might be of Egba origin since a lot of Egba's were sold into slavery because they kept warring with everyone. However, the Egba's aren't Igbo's.

Just stop the madness, already!

3 Likes

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by bigfrancis21: 12:38pm On Sep 07, 2013

IGBO SLAVE REVOLTS IN THE CARIBBEAN.

Igbo slaves, along with 'Angolas' and 'Congoes' were most prone to be runaways. In slave runaway advertisements held in Jamaica workhouses in 1803, out of 1046 Africans, 284 were described as 'Eboes and Mocoes', 185 'Congoes', 259 'Angolas', 101 'Mandingoes', 70 Coromantees, 60 'Chamba' of Sierra Leone, 57 'Nagoes and Pawpaws', and 30 'scattering'. 187 were 'unclassified' and 488 were 'American born negroes and mulattoes'.[18]

Some popular slave rebellions involving Igbo people
include:
1) The 1815 Igbo conspiracy in Jamaica's Saint Elizabeth Parish which involved around 250 Igbo
slaves,[19] described as one of the revolts that contributed to a climate for abolition.[20] A letter by the Governor of Manchester to Bathurst on April 13, 1816[21] quoted the leaders of the rebellion on trial as saying "that 'he had all the Eboes in his hand', meaning to insinuate that all the Negroes from that Country were under his controul".[22] The plot was thwarted and several slaves were executed.

2) The 1816 Black River rebellion plot which according to Lewis (1834:227—28) only people of 'Eboe' origin were involved. [23] This plot was uncovered on March 22, 1816 by a novelist and absentee planter named Matthew Gregory 'Monk' Lewis, when he had recorded what Hayward (1985) calls a proto- Calypso revolutionary hymn, sung by a group of Igbo slaves led by the 'King of the Eboes'. They sung:

Oh me Good friend, Mr. Wilberforce, make we free!
God Almighty thank ye! God Almighty thank ye!
God Almighty, make we free!
Buckra in this country no make we free:
What Negro for to do? What Negro for to do?
Take force by force! Take force by force! [24]

'Mr. Wilberforce' was in reference to William Wilberforce a British politician who was a leader of the movement to abolish the slave trade. 'Buckra' was a term introduced by Igbo and Efik slaves in Jamaica to refer to white slave masters.[25]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igbo_people_in_Jamaica

Feel the penchant quest for freedom in the freedom song sung by the Igbo slaves.

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Nobody: 12:50pm On Sep 07, 2013

bigfrancis21:

Can you quote any sources that verify this your claim? I guess your ancestry points to fulani because I've noticed that while you try so hard to maintain a 'balanced view' in slave trade issue, you indirectly favour or promote the Fulani first. Its my first time of ever hearing Fulani were the earliest group to be sent when the early slave ships landed on the shores of west africa when fulani land isn't nowhere close to the atlantic ocean. Do you even know where Fulani land is?

For your information, the first slaves were taken to south america and the caribbean.
Brazil is the best place to start when talking about the begining of the slave trade.

AND DID YOU SAY FULANIS ARE NOWHERE NEAR THE SHORES OF WEST AFRICA?
FO0L DID YOU KNOW THE PORTUGESE AND ARABS WERE ALREADY FAMILIAR WITH THE AFRICAN CONTINENT DUE TO YEARS OF TRADE? HELLO! shocked

#SALT-TRADE
#SPREADOFISLAM
#PORTUGUESE ENSLAVEMENT BY THE MOORS/ARABS IN NORTH AND WEST AFRICA
#TRANS-SAHARAN SLAVE TRADE

damn dude! first you did not know about two African pioneers and now you don't even know
about west africa's position in during the medieval periods.

You are such a fail. Yet you argue with me over my history. lol

THIS IS MY HISTORY...I DO THE RESEARCH, KNOW THAT!

You want proof? YOU GOT IT!

The first west african slaves were MUSLIM-FULANIS from Mauritania and the UPPER Guinea Coast (Norther Senegal)

[img]http://mathildasanthropologyblog.files./2008/06/fulanimap.jpg[/img]

The portuguese became involved with the African slave trade first during the Reconquista ("reconquest" of the Iberian Peninsula mainly through the mediation of the Alfaqueque who was the person who had the task of dealing with the rescue of portuguese captives, slaves and prisioners of war[2][3] and then later in 1441, long before the discovery or colonization of Brazil but now as slave traders. Slaves exported from Africa during this initial period of the Portuguese slave trade primarily came from Mauritania, and later the Upper Guinea coast. Scholars estimate that as many as 156,000 slaves were exported from 1441–1521 to Iberia and the Atlantic islands from the African coast.

Brazil was the world’s leading sugar exporter during the 17th century. From 1600–1650, sugar accounted for 95 percent of Brazil’s exports, and slave labor was relied heavily upon to provide the workforce to maintain these export earnings. It is estimated that 560,000 Central African slaves arrived in Brazil during the 17th century in addition to the indigenous slave labor that was provided by the bandeiras.

culled from: http://www.historytoday.com/john-geipel/brazils-african-legacy

From the 1580s, the importation of Africans to Brazil increased dramatically. After the initial expansion of the sugar industry, blacks soon constituted over two-thirds of the population of the north-east. A century later, the discovery of gold in Minas Gerais further increased the demand for slave labour. Meanwhile, in the sertao (hinterland) of the north-east, Pretos (blacks), Pardos (mulattos) and Cafuzos (Afro-Indian halfbreeds) formed the majority population of what would become the state of Piauí, where the traditional ranching skills of such West African pastoralists as the Fulani played a prominent role in the development of the region’s nascent cattle industry.

twenty years later the angolans come in much LARGER numbers

In the seventeenth century, the supply of slaves came mainly from Angola and the ‘Contra Costa’ (Indian Ocean coast) of Africa, including Madagascar, as far north as Zanzibar, where Portuguese slaving activities overlapped and competed with those of the Arabs. For a century and a half following the Portuguese recovery of Luanda from the Dutch in 1648, Angola provided an inexhaustible reservoir of human merchandise. During the eighteenth century, 70 per cent of the slaves shipped to Brazil were obtained in Angola; indeed, so massive was the human haemorrhage from its shores that large areas of the country remained virtually depopulated for generations.

Unlike the more urbanised Guinea (or ‘Sudanese’) blacks, who were highly valued as house servants, the bulk of the Bantu obtained in Angola and Mozambique were put to work on the fazendas (plantations) of Brazil. It was here that an Angolan Bantu language, Kimbundu, became the lingua franca of the fazendas and missionaries were obliged to learn this language in order to catechise the newly arrived African boçais – an opprobrious name similar in sense to the North American ‘Guineabird’ or ‘Salt-water Nigger’

Fourty-fifty years later we see more west africans

The opening up of the diamond deposits in the early eighteenth century increased the demand for blacks skilled in the techniques of prospecting, metallurgy and extraction. Many of these Africans were obtained in the Gold Coast (Ghana) and Dahomey (Benin) region of Guinea; known collectively as ‘Minas’ (from the fort of El Mina from which the majority were shipped out). They were often more familiar with mining methods than their masters and their contribution to the economy of both Portugal and Brazil was incalculable.

....

During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, with the undiminished demand for unpaid labour, the Slave Coast of Nigeria became the primary source – whence the late survival in Brazil of traditions rooted in the culture of the Yoruba and the Fon (better known in Brazil by their alternative African nicknames, Nagô and Gegê).

hmm where is igbo?

you said you guys were the THIRD highest.
No doubt other groups sent to Brazil were not mentioned...why?
BECAUSE THE NUMBERS WERE NOT THAT SIGNIFICANT.

more proof of Fulani presence in Brazil

Other distinctive African stocks were recognized during and long after the colonial period in Brazil. These included the Mandinga (from Mali and Senegambia), whose name is synonymous with witchcraft in much of Ibero-America, and the Fula, whose name is applied in Brazil to a light-skinned ‘Cabra’ or mulatto as a reminder of the fair complexions of the West African Fulani. Other African peoples continued to be remembered in the names of such black battalions of the Brazilian army as the Minas (from Ghana) and the Ardras (from Benin).

according to that same site it was the fulani and tribes from Kongo and even Mozambicans that were sent early on while other west african groups were sent to Brazil in bulk later.

Moreover that a group were taken first doesn't mean they were taken in substantial numbers. Other groups may have certainly overtaken them later on, which is clearly the case here from slave records.

WHEN DID I SAY THAT?!

SHOW ME WHERE DID I SAY THAT?
AND FURTHERMORE AS SUPPER AND H-STAR HAS PROVEN NO GROUP HAS HAD A DIRECT INFLUENCE ON THE SOUTHERNERS OF AA MUSIC CULTURE QUITE LIKE THE SAHELIANS.

SO NOW WHAT? YOU WANT TO TALK ABOUT NUMBERS ALL THE TIME OR THE FACTS?!

@Bold...south east africa? Do you know where south east africa is? Kails,
do you just make up facts just for making up sake? Well, you can as well claim that South Africa was involved in the slave trade.

I already SLAYED THIS above but i will repost it again...

In the seventeenth century, the supply of slaves came mainly from Angola and the ‘Contra Costa’ (Indian Ocean coast) of Africa, including Madagascar, as far north as Zanzibar[/b], where Portuguese slaving activities overlapped and competed with those of the Arabs.

@Bold...the tribe most popularly known to be rebellious was the Igbo tribe, and from geography Igbo people are located in West Africa not central africa. Where did you get that one from?

Do you choose to ignore facts or make up facts at your own convenience?

There were SOME Igbo rebels no doubt but the MOST rebellious?
No sir, not at all.

Rebellions came from all groups and there were more than 100 all across the new world
is a few being the most infamous, none of them "mostly" Igbo ex:

Jamaican Maroons - mostly Akan
First Jamaican revolts - mostly Kongolese

Stono Rebellion - Kongolese

Hatian Revolution - believed to have been inspired by a Kongolese slave from Jamaica
but CARRIED OUT by slaves who were mostly Kongolese (although there were some
from Dahomey and other groups).

Rebellion of Palmares, Alagoas

the so-called ‘Black Troy’, which held out for over fifty years until its final surrender to the Portuguese in 1697, when the paramount chief, Zumbi, and his followers committed mass suicide rather than succumb to slavery.

^^central africans wink

Bahia rebellion in Brazil (1835) - Yoruba, Hausa, and fulani slaves
this changed the history of Brazil and eventually lead to the ending of slavery

If you don't believe his statement, then come up with counter evidence of another african tribe's stronger influence on AAs. Of course, I don't use the Yoruba Santeria being practised in Louisiana as an example since it was only imported recently from central africa and was never a legacy left behind in US by yoruba ancestors.

brb...

Do you even bother to look facts up before you begin to type out of ignorance? You only choose what you want to believe? Who says 'Unu' or a derivative of it isn't found in Trinidadian creole, Barbadian(Bajan) creole or Bahamian creole?

Dude the word UNU is NOT used there.
You know it...then you come back with "wuna". grin

It may have the same roots but the word UNU itself is foreign to those places.
That is the point I made. No Bajan, Kittian nor Trini says "unu" in that form.

When did Labalaba become a yoruba word?

In yoruba, labalaba means moth/butterfly grin

in Jamaica it depends on the context but to the majority it means drama or gossip.

Though the meaning has changed the word itself was brought to my island by the Yoruba.

I find your write-ups to be particularly impartial and less credible. For one thing, you don't verify facts before jumping into conclusions and for another thing you keep making up false facts(the case of south eastern africa for example) to fuel your beliefs.

yet i not only came back with SOURCES and happen to be the product of these people, unlike yourself who is not from the new world but is a known igbo-centric who if left unchecked, would tell us in the diaspora that were are 70 - 80 percent Igbo grin

. #rememberthat?

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Nobody: 12:52pm On Sep 07, 2013

shymexx: ^^^^Why do you Igbo's have to steal everything Yoruba and turn it to Igbo?

1). Egba's aren't Igbo's and they have nothing in common with Igbo's. I dare say they're more Yoruba than a lot of Yoruba subgroups.

2). Prof. Wole Soyinka is not Egba and he has never claimed Egba. Yes, he was born in Abeokuta and he's Fela Kuti's cousin. However, he's an Ijebu man from Ishara Remo.

3). Lukumi/Olukunmi has absolutely nothing whatsoever to do with Igbo's. Lukumi/Olukunmi just like Anago used to be the general name for Yoruba's. And the Olukunmi people in Delta state migrated there during the Kiriji wars, hence why they still maintain the Olukunmi name.

4). All those Brazil claims are just laughable. The revolt in Brazil was done by the Yoruba muslims called Imale. I still don't know how Igbo got into the mix. Yes, most of them might be of Egba origin since a lot of Egba's were sold into slavery because they kept warring with everyone. However, the Egba's aren't Igbo's.

Just stop the madness, already!

the guy is INSANE.

now i am JUST NOW starting to see what you have been saying all along lol grin

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Nobody: 12:54pm On Sep 07, 2013

bigfrancis21: IGBO SLAVE REVOLTS IN THE CARIBBEAN.

Feel the penchant quest for freedom in the freedom song sung by the Igbo slaves.

i guarantee that wikipedia page was produced and edited by an igbo.

guarantee it. grin

Re: Nigerian (igbo) & African American by Nobody: 12:58pm On Sep 07, 2013

*Kails*:

the guy is INSANE.

now i am JUST NOW starting to see what you have been saying all along lol

That's Igbocentrism for you.

Everything has to be Igbo.

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